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The Ivy League is a collegiate athletic conference comprising sports teams from eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The conference name is also commonly used to refer to those eight schools as a group.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Princeton Campus Guide – Ivy League )〕 The eight institutions are Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, the University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University, and Yale University. The term ''Ivy League'' has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and social elitism. While the term was in use as early as 1933, it only became official after the formation of the NCAA Division I athletic conference in 1954.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 )〕 Seven of the eight schools were founded during the United States colonial period; the exception is Cornell, which was founded in 1865. Ivy League institutions account for seven of the nine Colonial Colleges chartered before the American Revolution, the other two being Rutgers University and College of William & Mary. Ivy League schools are generally viewed as some of the most prestigious, and are ranked among the best universities worldwide.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=World's Best Colleges )〕 All eight universities place in the top sixteen of the ''U.S. News & World Report'' 2015 university rankings, including the top four schools and six of the top eleven.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=National University Rankings )〕 U.S. News has named a member of the Ivy League as the best national university in each of the past fifteen years ending with the 2015 rankings: Princeton eight times, Harvard twice and the two schools tied for first five times. Undergraduate enrollments range from about 4,000 to 14,000,〔Dartmouth and Cornell respectively〕 making them larger than those of a typical private liberal arts college and smaller than a typical public state university. Total enrollments, including graduate students, range from approximately 6,100 at Dartmouth to over 20,000 at Columbia, Cornell, Harvard, and Penn. Ivy League financial endowments range from Brown's $3 billion to Harvard's $36.4 billion,〔National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO), "U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2013 Endowment Market Value" (published Jan. 28, 2014 at www.nacubo.org)〕 the largest financial endowment of any academic institution in the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=10 Private Universities With Largest Financial Endowments )〕 ==Members== Ivy League universities have some of the largest university financial endowments in the world, which allows the universities to provide many resources for their academic programs and research endeavors. As of 2014, Harvard University has an endowment of $36.4 billion. Additionally, each university receives millions of dollars in research grants and other subsidies from federal and state government. File:Brown Campus Manning Hall.JPG|Brown University File:Columbia_University,_Low_Library,_Manhattan,_Nov_2013.jpg|Columbia University File:Cornell University, Ho Plaza and Sage Hall.jpg|Cornell University File:Dartmouth College campus 2007-10-20 10.JPG|Dartmouth College File:Harvard yard winter 2009j.JPG|Harvard University File:Penn campus 2.jpg|University of Pennsylvania File:ClevelandTowerWatercolor20060829.jpg|Princeton University File:Yale University Old Campus 04.JPG|Yale University 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ivy League」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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